SCIENTIFIC FUNGAL REPORT OF MOLDY JEANS IN INDONESIA
Article History
Submited : July 6, 2020
Published : July 6, 2020
Keywords:
Mold are multicelular -microscopic fungi known as heterotrophic-cosmopolitan organism which exist almost at any place in the environment. Textiles, particularly those composed of natural organic such as jeans are easily colonized by mold. Till time, there is no report ever found regarding fungal of moldy jeans in Indonesia. This study aimed to isolate fungi from moldy jeans, identified, and described it. The result revealed that the isolate studied was Chaetomium globosum, by using several macroscopic and microscopic characters. However, since Chaetomium are known as species complex fungi, further observation is needed using molecular approach. Therefore, author consider that the isolate should be treated as Ch. globosum sensu lato for time being. Interestingly, Ch. globosum was frequently reported as endophytic fungi, which pose the potency to be used as biocontrol and bioinducer in agriculture. Further research is needed to test the isolate potency as plant pathogenic biocontrol and plant growth inducer.
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Andersen, B. & Nissen, A.T. Evaluation of media for detection of Stachybotrys and Chaetomium species associated with water-damaged buildings. International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation. 2000 46 (2):111-116. http:// dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0964-8305(00)00092-5.
Asran-Amal, A., Moustafa-Mahmoud, S. M., Sabet, K. K., & El Banna, O. H. In vitro antagonism of cotton seedlings fungi and characterization of chitinase isozyme activities in Trichoderma harzianum. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences. 2010 17(2):153-157. http://dx.doi.org /10.1016/j.sjbs.2010.02.009.
Awad, N. E., Kassem, H. A., Hamed, M. A., El-Naggar, M. A. A., & El-Feky, A. M. M. 2014. Bioassays guided isolation of compounds from Chaetomium globosum. Journal de Mycologie Médicale. 2014 24(2):35–42. http://dx.doi.org /10.1016/j.mycmed.2013.10.005.
Ayanbimpe, G., & Wapwera, S., & D, Kuchin. Indoor air mycoflora of residential dwellings in Jos metropolis. African Health Sciences. 2010 10(2): 172 - 176.
Baldrian, P. & Valášková, V. Degradation of cellulose by basidiomycetous fungi. FEMS Microbiology Reviews. 2008 32(3):501–521. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1111/j.1574-6976.2008.00106.x.
Chadeganipour, M., ojaghi, R., Rafiei, H., Afshar, M., & Hashemi, S. T. Bio-Deterioration of Library Materials: Study of Fungi Threatening Printed Materials of Libraries in Isfahan University of Medical Sciences in 2011. Jundishapur Journal of Microbiology. 2013 6(2):127-131. http://dx.doi.org/10.5812/jjm.4751.
Charoenporn C., Kanokmedhakul S., Lin F.C., Poeaim S., Soytong K. Evaluation of bio-agent formulations to control Fusarium wilt of tomato. African Journal of Biotechnology. 2010 9: 5836–5844.
Chowdhary, A., Perfect, J. & de Hoog, G.S. Black Molds and Melanized Yeasts Pathogenic to Humans. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine. 2014 5(8). http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a019570.
Das, P., Samantaray, S. & Rout, G.R. 1997. Studies on cadmium toxicity in plants: A review. Environmental Pollution. 1997 98(1):29-36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0269-7491(97)00110-3.
Doveri, F. An additional update on the genus Chaetomium with descriptions of two coprophilous species, new to Italy. Mycosphere, 2013 4(4):820-846. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.5943/mycosphere/4/4/17.
Fogle, M. R., Douglas, D. R., Jumper, C. A., & Straus, D. C. Growth and mycotoxin production by Chaetomium globosum. Mycopathologia. 2007 164(1):49-56. http://dx.doi.org /10.1007/s11046-007-9023-x.
Jiao, W., Feng, Y., Blunt, J. W., Cole, A. L. J., & Munro, M. H. G. Chaetoglobosins Q, R, and T, Three Further New Metabolites from Chaetomium globosum. Journal of Natural Products. 2004 67(10):1722-1725. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/np030460g.
Khan, A., Hamayun, M., Kang, S.-M., Kim, Y.-H., Jung, H.-Y., Lee, J.-H., & Lee, I.-J. Endophytic fungal association via gibberellins and indole acetic acid can improve plant growth under abiotic stress: an example of Paecilomyces formosus LHL10. BMC Microbiology. 2012 12:3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2180-12-3.
Kim, S. Damage to & Conservation Treatment of Textile Cultural Properties, Conservation of paper and textiles, National research institute of cultural heritage, Korea. National Research Institute of Cultural Herritage, 2011. pp. 112-131.
Kumar, S., Kaushik, N. & Proksch, P. Identification of antifungal principle in the solvent extract of an endophytic fungus Chaetomium globosum from Withania somnifera. SpringerPlus. 2013 2(1): p37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2193-1801-2-37.
Li, H.-Q., Li, X.-J., Wang, Y.-L., Zhang, Q., Zhang, A.-L., Gao, J.-M., & Zhang, X.-C. Antifungal metabolites from Chaetomium globosum, an endophytic fungus in Ginkgo biloba. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology. 2011 39(4-6):876-879. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bse.2011.06.019.
Li, X., Tian, Y., Yang, S., Zhang, Y., & Qin, J. Cytotoxic azaphilone alkaloids from Chaetomium globosum TY1. Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters. 2013 23(10): 2945-2947. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.03.044.
Liu, Z. H., Yang, Q., Hu, S., Zhang, J. D., & Ma, J. Cloning and characterization of a novel chitinase gene (chi46) from Chaetomium globosum and identification of its biological activity. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. 2008 80(2): 241-252. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00253-008-1543-x.
Naik, B.S., Shashikala, J. & Krishnamurthy, Y.L. Study on the diversity of endophytic communities from rice (Oryza sativa L.) and their antagonistic activities in vitro. Microbiological Research. 2009 164(3): 290-296. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.micres.2006.12.003.
Najafzadeh, M. J., Fata, A., Naseri, A., Keisari, M. S., Farahyar, S., Ganjbakhsh, M., de Hoog, G. S. Implantation phaeohyphomycosis caused by a non-sporulating Chaetomium species. Journal de Mycologie Médicale. 2014 24(2) : 161-165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mycmed.2013.09.007.
Park, J.-H., Choi, G. J., Jang, K. S., Lim, H. K., Kim, H. T., Cho, K. Y., & Kim, J.-C. Antifungal activity against plant pathogenic fungi of chaetoviridins isolated from Chaetomium globosum. FEMS Microbiology Letters. 2005 252(2): 309-313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.femsle.2005.09.013.
Phong, N., Pongnak, W. & Soytong, K. Antifungal activities of Chaetomium spp. against Fusarium wilt of tea. Plant Protection Science. 2016 52(1):10-17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/34/2015-pps.
Putra, I.P., Rahayu, G. & Hidayat, I. Impact of Domestication on the Endophytic Fungal Diversity Associated With Wild Zingiberaceae at Mount Halimun Salak National Park. HAYATI Journal of Biosciences. 2015 22(4): 157-162. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hjb.2015.10.005.
Rodriguez, K., Stchigel, A. & Guarro, J. Three New Species of Chaetomium from Soil. Mycologia. 2002 94(1):116-126. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3761851.
Shanthiyaa, V., Saravanakumar, D., Rajendran, L., Karthikeyan, G., Prabakar, K., & Raguchander, T. Use of Chaetomium globosum for biocontrol of potato late blight disease. Crop Protection. 2013 52:33-38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2013.05.006.
Sharma, N., & Srivastava, M.P. Secondary metabolites of Chaetomium globosum used as antifungal against post-harvest pathogens. International Journal of Plant Protection, 2011. 4: 6-353.
Soytong, K., Srinon, W., Rattanacherdchai, K., Kanokmedhakul, S., and Kanokmedhakul, K. Application of antagonistic fungi to control anthracnose disease of grape. Journal of Agricultural Technology. 2005 1: 8-33.
Suryadi, H., Indah Lestari, Y. P., Mirajunnisa, & Yanuar, A. Potential Of Cellulase Of Chaetomium Globosum For Preparation And Characterization Of Microcrystalline Cellulose From Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia Crassipes). International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics. 2019 11(4):140-146. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.22159/ijap.2019v11i4.31081.
Vinod Mootha, V., Shahinpoor, P., Sutton, D. A., Xin, L., Najafzadeh, M. J., & De Hoog, G. S. Identification problems with sterile fungi, illustrated by a keratitis due to a non-sporulating Chaetomium-like species. Medical Mycology. 2012 50(4):361-367. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/13693786.2011.611179.
Wang, X. W., Houbraken, J., Groenewald, J. Z., Meijer, M., Andersen, B., Nielsen, K. F., Samson, R. A. Diversity and taxonomy of Chaetomium and Chaetomium-like fungi from indoor environments. Studies in Mycology. 2016 84:145-224. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2016.11.005.
Ye, Y., Xiao, Y., Ma, L., Li, H., Xie, Z., Wang, M.,Liu, J. 2013. Flavipin in Chaetomium globosum CDW7, an endophytic fungus from Ginkgo biloba, contributes to antioxidant activity. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. 2013 97(16): 7131-7139. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00253-013-5013-8.
Zhang, H. & Yang, Q. Expressed sequence tags-based identification of genes in the biocontrol agent Chaetomium cupreum. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. 2007 74(3): 650-658. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00253-006-0701-2.
Zhang, Q., Li, H.-Q., Zong, S.-C., Gao, J.-M., & Zhang, A.-L. Chemical and Bioactive Diversities of the Genus Chaetomium Secondary Metabolites. Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry. 2012 12(2):127-148. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138955712798995066.
Abdullah, S.K & Saleh, and Y.A. Mycobiota associated with Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) cultivars in Iraq. Jordan Journal of Biological Sciences. 2010 3(4):193-201.
Andersen, B. & Nissen, A.T. Evaluation of media for detection of Stachybotrys and Chaetomium species associated with water-damaged buildings. International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation. 2000 46 (2):111-116. http:// dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0964-8305(00)00092-5.
Asran-Amal, A., Moustafa-Mahmoud, S. M., Sabet, K. K., & El Banna, O. H. In vitro antagonism of cotton seedlings fungi and characterization of chitinase isozyme activities in Trichoderma harzianum. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences. 2010 17(2):153-157. http://dx.doi.org /10.1016/j.sjbs.2010.02.009.
Awad, N. E., Kassem, H. A., Hamed, M. A., El-Naggar, M. A. A., & El-Feky, A. M. M. 2014. Bioassays guided isolation of compounds from Chaetomium globosum. Journal de Mycologie Médicale. 2014 24(2):35–42. http://dx.doi.org /10.1016/j.mycmed.2013.10.005.
Ayanbimpe, G., & Wapwera, S., & D, Kuchin. Indoor air mycoflora of residential dwellings in Jos metropolis. African Health Sciences. 2010 10(2): 172 - 176.
Baldrian, P. & Valášková, V. Degradation of cellulose by basidiomycetous fungi. FEMS Microbiology Reviews. 2008 32(3):501–521. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1111/j.1574-6976.2008.00106.x.
Chadeganipour, M., ojaghi, R., Rafiei, H., Afshar, M., & Hashemi, S. T. Bio-Deterioration of Library Materials: Study of Fungi Threatening Printed Materials of Libraries in Isfahan University of Medical Sciences in 2011. Jundishapur Journal of Microbiology. 2013 6(2):127-131. http://dx.doi.org/10.5812/jjm.4751.
Charoenporn C., Kanokmedhakul S., Lin F.C., Poeaim S., Soytong K. Evaluation of bio-agent formulations to control Fusarium wilt of tomato. African Journal of Biotechnology. 2010 9: 5836–5844.
Chowdhary, A., Perfect, J. & de Hoog, G.S. Black Molds and Melanized Yeasts Pathogenic to Humans. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine. 2014 5(8). http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a019570.
Das, P., Samantaray, S. & Rout, G.R. 1997. Studies on cadmium toxicity in plants: A review. Environmental Pollution. 1997 98(1):29-36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0269-7491(97)00110-3.
Doveri, F. An additional update on the genus Chaetomium with descriptions of two coprophilous species, new to Italy. Mycosphere, 2013 4(4):820-846. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.5943/mycosphere/4/4/17.
Fogle, M. R., Douglas, D. R., Jumper, C. A., & Straus, D. C. Growth and mycotoxin production by Chaetomium globosum. Mycopathologia. 2007 164(1):49-56. http://dx.doi.org /10.1007/s11046-007-9023-x.
Jiao, W., Feng, Y., Blunt, J. W., Cole, A. L. J., & Munro, M. H. G. Chaetoglobosins Q, R, and T, Three Further New Metabolites from Chaetomium globosum. Journal of Natural Products. 2004 67(10):1722-1725. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/np030460g.
Khan, A., Hamayun, M., Kang, S.-M., Kim, Y.-H., Jung, H.-Y., Lee, J.-H., & Lee, I.-J. Endophytic fungal association via gibberellins and indole acetic acid can improve plant growth under abiotic stress: an example of Paecilomyces formosus LHL10. BMC Microbiology. 2012 12:3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2180-12-3.
Kim, S. Damage to & Conservation Treatment of Textile Cultural Properties, Conservation of paper and textiles, National research institute of cultural heritage, Korea. National Research Institute of Cultural Herritage, 2011. pp. 112-131.
Kumar, S., Kaushik, N. & Proksch, P. Identification of antifungal principle in the solvent extract of an endophytic fungus Chaetomium globosum from Withania somnifera. SpringerPlus. 2013 2(1): p37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2193-1801-2-37.
Li, H.-Q., Li, X.-J., Wang, Y.-L., Zhang, Q., Zhang, A.-L., Gao, J.-M., & Zhang, X.-C. Antifungal metabolites from Chaetomium globosum, an endophytic fungus in Ginkgo biloba. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology. 2011 39(4-6):876-879. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bse.2011.06.019.
Li, X., Tian, Y., Yang, S., Zhang, Y., & Qin, J. Cytotoxic azaphilone alkaloids from Chaetomium globosum TY1. Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters. 2013 23(10): 2945-2947. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.03.044.
Liu, Z. H., Yang, Q., Hu, S., Zhang, J. D., & Ma, J. Cloning and characterization of a novel chitinase gene (chi46) from Chaetomium globosum and identification of its biological activity. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. 2008 80(2): 241-252. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00253-008-1543-x.
Naik, B.S., Shashikala, J. & Krishnamurthy, Y.L. Study on the diversity of endophytic communities from rice (Oryza sativa L.) and their antagonistic activities in vitro. Microbiological Research. 2009 164(3): 290-296. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.micres.2006.12.003.
Najafzadeh, M. J., Fata, A., Naseri, A., Keisari, M. S., Farahyar, S., Ganjbakhsh, M., de Hoog, G. S. Implantation phaeohyphomycosis caused by a non-sporulating Chaetomium species. Journal de Mycologie Médicale. 2014 24(2) : 161-165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mycmed.2013.09.007.
Park, J.-H., Choi, G. J., Jang, K. S., Lim, H. K., Kim, H. T., Cho, K. Y., & Kim, J.-C. Antifungal activity against plant pathogenic fungi of chaetoviridins isolated from Chaetomium globosum. FEMS Microbiology Letters. 2005 252(2): 309-313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.femsle.2005.09.013.
Phong, N., Pongnak, W. & Soytong, K. Antifungal activities of Chaetomium spp. against Fusarium wilt of tea. Plant Protection Science. 2016 52(1):10-17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/34/2015-pps.
Putra, I.P., Rahayu, G. & Hidayat, I. Impact of Domestication on the Endophytic Fungal Diversity Associated With Wild Zingiberaceae at Mount Halimun Salak National Park. HAYATI Journal of Biosciences. 2015 22(4): 157-162. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hjb.2015.10.005.
Rodriguez, K., Stchigel, A. & Guarro, J. Three New Species of Chaetomium from Soil. Mycologia. 2002 94(1):116-126. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3761851.
Shanthiyaa, V., Saravanakumar, D., Rajendran, L., Karthikeyan, G., Prabakar, K., & Raguchander, T. Use of Chaetomium globosum for biocontrol of potato late blight disease. Crop Protection. 2013 52:33-38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2013.05.006.
Sharma, N., & Srivastava, M.P. Secondary metabolites of Chaetomium globosum used as antifungal against post-harvest pathogens. International Journal of Plant Protection, 2011. 4: 6-353.
Soytong, K., Srinon, W., Rattanacherdchai, K., Kanokmedhakul, S., and Kanokmedhakul, K. Application of antagonistic fungi to control anthracnose disease of grape. Journal of Agricultural Technology. 2005 1: 8-33.
Suryadi, H., Indah Lestari, Y. P., Mirajunnisa, & Yanuar, A. Potential Of Cellulase Of Chaetomium Globosum For Preparation And Characterization Of Microcrystalline Cellulose From Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia Crassipes). International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics. 2019 11(4):140-146. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.22159/ijap.2019v11i4.31081.
Vinod Mootha, V., Shahinpoor, P., Sutton, D. A., Xin, L., Najafzadeh, M. J., & De Hoog, G. S. Identification problems with sterile fungi, illustrated by a keratitis due to a non-sporulating Chaetomium-like species. Medical Mycology. 2012 50(4):361-367. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/13693786.2011.611179.
Wang, X. W., Houbraken, J., Groenewald, J. Z., Meijer, M., Andersen, B., Nielsen, K. F., Samson, R. A. Diversity and taxonomy of Chaetomium and Chaetomium-like fungi from indoor environments. Studies in Mycology. 2016 84:145-224. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2016.11.005.
Ye, Y., Xiao, Y., Ma, L., Li, H., Xie, Z., Wang, M.,Liu, J. 2013. Flavipin in Chaetomium globosum CDW7, an endophytic fungus from Ginkgo biloba, contributes to antioxidant activity. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. 2013 97(16): 7131-7139. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00253-013-5013-8.
Zhang, H. & Yang, Q. Expressed sequence tags-based identification of genes in the biocontrol agent Chaetomium cupreum. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. 2007 74(3): 650-658. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00253-006-0701-2.
Zhang, Q., Li, H.-Q., Zong, S.-C., Gao, J.-M., & Zhang, A.-L. Chemical and Bioactive Diversities of the Genus Chaetomium Secondary Metabolites. Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry. 2012 12(2):127-148. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138955712798995066.
Putra, I. (2020). SCIENTIFIC FUNGAL REPORT OF MOLDY JEANS IN INDONESIA. AGROLAND The Agricultural Sciences Journal (e-Journal), 7(1), 29 - 36. https://doi.org/10.22487/agroland.v7i1.451
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