UTILIZATION OF ACTIVE COMPOUNDS IN TUMERIC (Curcuma longa) AS ANTIOXIDANT HERBAL
Article History
Submited : January 8, 2021
Published : February 15, 2021
Turmeric (Curcuma longa) is a plant that has many benefits. Most people use turmeric as a cooking spice, food coloring, or as traditional medicine. Traditional medicine is needed as an alternative method in medical world. At present, a lot of research has been done to develop the use of turmeric. The active compound in turmeric is diferuloylmethane (1,7-bis (4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) -1,6-heptadiene-3,5-dione) or often called curcumin. Curcumin is a compound that has many benefits. Curcumin can be used as an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antiobesity. The purpose of this review journal is to discuss several studies related to the potential of the active component in turmeric. This journal discusses the benefits of active compounds in turmeric as an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antiobesity.
Abelira, R. . Peran Kurkumin Sebagai Terapi Pada Osteoartritis. Journal of Health Science and Physiotherapy, 2020 2(1), pp. 106-110.
Al-Samarrai, A.M.H.M., Khalaf FarisA.S., Mithaq Nazhan. Isolating and Identifying Flavonoids of The Curcuma Plant Sp. (Curcuma longa) and Studying Their Effect As Antioxidant In Vivo and In Vitro. Asian Journal of Science and Technology, 2015 6 (11), pp. 1955-1959. Ali, W., Franly, O., dan Yolanda, B. Perbedaan Anak Usia Remaja yang Obesitas dan Tidak Obesitas Terhadap Kualitas Tidur Di SMP Negeri 8 Manado. E-Jurnal Keperawatan, 2017 5(1).
Ali, W., Franly, O., dan Yolanda, B. Perbedaan Anak Usia Remaja yang Obesitas dan Tidak Obesitas Terhadap Kualitas Tidur Di SMP Negeri 8 Manado. E-Jurnal Keperawatan, 2017 5(1).
Alisi, I.O., Adamu Uzairu, Stephen Eyije A., Sulaiman Ola I. Evaluation of The Antioxidant Properties of Curcumin Derivatives By Genetic Function Algorithm. Journal of Advanced Research, 2018 12, pp. 47-54.
Arisonya, S., Wibisono, G., dan Aditya, G. Efektivitas Ekstrak Kunyit (Curcuma domestica) Terhadap Jumlah Sel Makrofag dan Diameter Pada Lesi Ulkum Traumatikus. Jurnal B-Dent, 2014 1(2), pp. 118-125.
Asnia, M., Ambarwati, N.S.S., Siregar, J.S. Pemanfaatan Rimpang Kunyit (Curcuma domestica Val.) Sebagai Perwatan Kecantikan Kulit. Prosiding SENDI_U; 2019. ISBN: 978-979-3649-99-3.
Astuti, KH.E.W., dan Sih Rini Handajani. Efektivitas Anti Inflamasi Formulasi Kunyit (Curcuma longa), Daun Binahong (Anredera cordifolia), dan Daun Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata) Terhadap Luka Sayat Pada Kelinci. Jurnal Terpadu Ilmu Kesehatan, 2019 8(1), pp. 101-113.
Badan Pusat Statistik. (2019). Produksi dan Luas Lahan Panen Tanaman KUnyit di Indonsia, 2019. https://www.pertanian.go.id/home/?show=page&act=view&id=61
Bisht, K., Karl-HeinzWagner, Andrew C.Bulmer. (2010). Curcumin, resveratrol and flavonoids as anti-inflammatory, cyto- and DNA-protective dietary compounds. Toxicology, 2010 278(1), pp. 88-100.
Chandran, B., and Ajay Goel. A Randomized, Pilot Study to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of Curcumin in Patients with Active Rheumatoid Arthritis. Phytotherapy Research, 2012 26 (11):1719-25.
Chen, D.Y., Shien, J.H., Tiley, L., Chiou, S.S., Wang, S.Y., Chang, T.J., Lee, Y.J., Chan, K.W., dan Hsu, W.L. (2 Curcumin Inhibits Influenza Virus Infection And Harmagglutination Activity. Food Chemisty 199, 2010. pp. 1346-1351.
Choi, S.J., Jung M.H., Sung I.K. A Colorimetric Microplate Assay Method for High Throughput Analysis of Lipase Activity. Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2003 36(4), pp. 417-420.
Di Pierro, F., Bressan, A., Ranaldi, D., Raoacioli, G., Giacomelli, L., dan Bertuccioli, A. Potential Role of Bioavailable Curcumin In Weight Loss and Omental Adipose TIssue Decrease: Preliminary Data of a Randomize Controlled Trial In Overweight People With Metabolic Syndrom. Preliminary Study. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci, 19, 2015. pp. 4195-4202.
Etoundi, C.B., Kuate, D., Ngondi, J.L. Anti-amylase, Anti-lipase and Antioxidant Effect of Aqueois Extract of Some Cameroonian Spices. Jurnal Od Natutal Product, 2010, 3. pp. 165-171.
Fahryl, N., dan Novita Carolia. Kunyit (Curcuma domestica Val) sebagai Terapi Artritis Gout. Majority, 2019 8(1), pp. 251-255.
Fitoni, C.N., Asri, M.T., dan Hidayat, M.T. Effect of Heating of Tumeric Filtrate (Curucuma longa) on the Colony Growth of Bacteria Coliform In Vitro. Lentera Bio, 2013 2(3), pp. 217-221.
Gupta, S.C., B. Sung, J. H. Kim, S. Prasad, S. Li, and B. B. Aggarwal, Multitargeting by Turmeric The Golden Spice: From Litchen to Clinic. Molecular Nutrition and Food Research, 2013 57(9), pp. 1510–1528.
Gupta, A., Surabhi M., Rajendra S. Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity of Curcuma longa Rhizome Extract Against Staphylococcus aureus. Biotechnology Reports, 2015 6, pp. 51-55.
Gonçalves, G.M.S., Gustavo H.S., Pedro P.B., Silvana M.S., Cecilia T.C.S., Victória Rodrigues, C., Thais B.L. Use of Curcuma longa in cosmetics: extraction of curcuminoid pigments, development of formulations, and in vitro skin permeation studies. Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2014 50(4), pp. 885-893.
Hasan, M and M. Mahmud. (2014). The Contribution of Turmeric Research and Development In The Economy of Bangladesh: an ex-post analysis. International Journal of Agricultural Research, Innovation and Technology, 2014 4(1), pp. 1–10.
Hossain, M.B., Brunton, N.P., Barry-Ryan, C., Martin-Diana, B.B., and Wilkinson, M. (2008). Antioxidant activity of spices extract and phenolics in comparison to synthetic antioxidants. Journal of Chemistry, 2008 1(4), pp. 751-756.
Huassaana, A., dan Suparmi. Potensi Ekstrak Selaput Biji Kesumba (Bixa orellana L.) sebagai Obat Antiimflamasi. Jurnal Unissula, 2012 4(2), pp. 134-141.
Jayarathne, S., Iurii, K., Oak, H.P., Wilna, O.T., Chwam, L.S., dan Naima, M.M. (2017). Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Obesity Properties of Food Bioactive Components: Effects on Adipose Tissue. Preventive Nutrition and Food Science, 2017 22 (4), pp. 251-262: Article Review.
Junaidi, L. (2015). Anti Oksidan Alami: Sumber, Kimia, dan Teknologi Ekstraksi. Journal of Agro-Based Industry,2015 24(2), pp. 52-69. Article Review.
Karmila, U., Sofyatuddin Karina., Cur Yulvizar. (2017). Ekstrak Kunyit Curcuma domestica Sebagai Anti Bakteri Aeromonas hydrophila Pada Ikan Patin Pangasius sp. Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kelautan dan Perikanan Unsyiah, 2017 2(1), pp. 150-157.
Khotimah, S.N., dan Ahmad Muhtadi. (2016). Beberapa Tumbuhan yang Mengandung Senyawa Aktif Inflamasi: Review Artikel. Farmaka, 2016 14(2), pp. 28-40.
Kocaadam, B., dan Nevin Sanlier. Curcumin, an active component of turmeric (Curcuma longa), and its effects on health. Critical Reviews In Food Science and Nutrition, 2015 57(13), pp. 2889-2895.
Kumara, I.N.C., Pradnyani, I.G.A.S., dan Sidiarta, I.G.A.F.N. Uji Efektivitas Ekstrak Kunyit (Curcuma longa) Terhadap Daya Hambat Pertumbuhan Bakteri Streptococcus mutans. Intisari Sains Medis, 2019 10(3): 462-467.
Liang, L., Xiangyang W., Ting Zhao., Jiangli Zhao., Fang Li., Ye Zou., Guanghua Mao., Liuqing, Y. (2012). In Vitro Bioaccessibility and Antioxidant Activity of Anthocyanins From Mulberry (Morus atropurpurea Roxb.) Following Simulated Gastro-Intestinal Digestion. Food Research International, 2012 46(1), pp. 76-82
Madigan M. Broch biology of microorganisme. London: Prentice-Hall. 2005.
Marbawati, D. dan Umniyatim S.R. Uji Anti Virus Senyawa Kurkumin dan PGV-0 pada Virus Dengue-2 Dengan RT-PCR. BALABA, 2016 12(1), pp.15-22.
Meilina, R., dan Rasmadi Mukhtar. (2018). Efek Antiinflamasi Ekstrak Etanol Rimpang Kunyit (Curcuma domestica Val.) pada Tikus Putih yang Diinduksi Karagenan. Journal of Healthcare Technology and Medicine, 2018 4(1), pp.111-117.
Muniroh, L., Martini, S., Nindya, T.S., Solfaine, R. (2010). Minyak Atsiri Kunyit Sebagai Anti Radang Pada Penderita Gout Artitis Dengan Diet Tinggi Purin. Makara, Kesehatan, 2010 14(2):57-64.
Mulyani, S., Harsojuwono, B.A., Puspawati, G.A.K.D. Potensi Minuman Kunyit Asam (Curcuma domestica Val. - Tamarindus indica L.) Sebagai Minuman Kaya Antioksidan. Agritech, Mutiah, R. (2015). Evidence Based curcumin Dari Tanaman Kunyit (Curcuma longa) Sebagai Terapi Kanker Pada Pengobatan Modern. Jurnal Farma Sains, 2014 1(1), pp. 28-41.
Nazir, M. Metode Penelitian. Bogor: Ghalia Indonesia. 2013.
Pangemanan, A., Fatimawali, dan Fona B. Uji Daya Hambat Ekstrak Rimpang Kunyit (Curcuma longa) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Pseudomonas sp. Jurnal e-Biomedik, 2016 4(1), pp. 81-85.
Ramadhani, N., dan Sri Adi Sumiwi. Aktivitas Antiinflamasi Berbagai Tanaman Diduga Berasal Dari Flavonoid. Jurnal Farma, 2016 14(2), pp. 111-123.
Ramadhani, P., Erly, Asterina. (2017). Hambat Ekstrak Etanol Rimpang Kunyit (V.) terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Secara In Vitro. Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas, 2017 6(3), pp. 590-595.
Rajnarayana, K., Ajitha M., Gopireddy G., dan Giriprasad, V. (2011). Comperative antioxidant potential of some fruit and vegetables using DPPH method. International Journal of Pharmacy & Technology, 2011 3(1), pp. 1952-1957
Rayalam, S., Mrty Anne D.f., and Clifton, A.B. Phytochemiccals and Regulation of The Adipocyte Life Cycle. Journal of Nutritional Biochemisrty, 2008 19. pp. 717-726.
Riaminanti, N.K., Hartiati, A., dan Mulyani, S. Studi Kapasitas dan Sinergisme Antioksidan Pada Ekstrak Kunyit (Curcuma domstica Val.) dan Daun Asam (Tamarindus indica L.). Jurnal Rekayasa da Manajemen Agroindustri, 2016 4(3), pp. 93-104.
Rini, C.S., Jamilatur Rohmah, Leni Yuroh WIdyaningrum. (2018). Efektivitas Kunyit (Curcuma longa Linn) terhadap Esherichia coli dan Bacillus subtilis. Journal of Medical Laboratory Science/Techonolgy, 2018 1(1), pp. 1-6.
Septiana, S., Partomuan Simanjuntak. Aktivitas Antimikroba dan Antioksidan Ekstrak Beberapa Bagian Tanaman Kunyit (Curcuma longa). Jurnal Fitofarmaka, 2015 5(1), pp. 31-40.
Setia, A.I.D dan Ami Tjitaresmi. Aktivitas Antiinflamasi Dari Berbagai Tanaman: Sebuah Review. Jurnal Famaka, 2016 14(3), pp. 77-86.
Shan, C.Y., Yoppi Iskandar. (2018). Studi Kandungan Kimia dan Aktivitas Farmakologi Tanaman Kuyit (Curcuma longa L). Farmaka, 2018 16 (2), pp. 547-555.
Sianipar, E. A., Louisa, M., dan Wanandi, S.I. (2018). Kurkumin Meningkatkan Sensitivitas Sel Kanker Payudara terhadap Takmoksifen Melalui Penghambatan Ekspresi P-glikoprotein dan Breast Cancer Resistance Protein. Jurnal Farmasi Galenika, 2018 4(1):-11.
Simanjuntak, P. Studi Kimia dan Farmakologi Tanaman Kunyit (Curcuma longa L) Sebagai Tumbuhan Obat Serbaguna. Agrium, 2012 17(2), pp. 103-107. Article Review
Sugiharto, Arbakariya Ariff, Syahida Ahmad, dan Muhajir Hamid. Efektivitas curcumin Sebagai Antioksidan dan Inhibitor Melanin Pada Kultur Sel B16-F1. Berk Penelitian Hayati, 2012 (17). pp. 173-176.
Sugiyono. Metode Penelitian Pendidikan Pendekatan Kuantitatif, Kualitatif dan R & D. Bandung: Alfabeta. 2012.
Sulasiyah., Purbowatiningrum, R.S., Agustina L. N. Aminin. Antioxidant from Turmeric Fermentation Products (Curcuma longa) by Aspergillus Oryzae. Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi, 2018 21(1), pp. 13-18.
Swanson, C.L., Laughlin, L.T., Finlay, D., Robinson, M.K., Reichling, T.D., Matheny, H.E., Bushnell, D.S. (2010). Biomarker analysis confirms the antioxidant and antiinflammatory activity of a colorless turmeric extract in vitro. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol, 2010 62(3).
Tanvir, E,M., Sakib Hossen., Fuad Hossain., Rizwana Afroz., Siew Hua Gan., Ibrahim Khalil., and Nurul Karim. Antioxidant Properties of Popular Turmeric (Curcuma longa) Varieties from Bangladesh. Journal of Food Quality, 2017.
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Al-Samarrai, A.M.H.M., Khalaf FarisA.S., Mithaq Nazhan. Isolating and Identifying Flavonoids of The Curcuma Plant Sp. (Curcuma longa) and Studying Their Effect As Antioxidant In Vivo and In Vitro. Asian Journal of Science and Technology, 2015 6 (11), pp. 1955-1959. Ali, W., Franly, O., dan Yolanda, B. Perbedaan Anak Usia Remaja yang Obesitas dan Tidak Obesitas Terhadap Kualitas Tidur Di SMP Negeri 8 Manado. E-Jurnal Keperawatan, 2017 5(1).
Ali, W., Franly, O., dan Yolanda, B. Perbedaan Anak Usia Remaja yang Obesitas dan Tidak Obesitas Terhadap Kualitas Tidur Di SMP Negeri 8 Manado. E-Jurnal Keperawatan, 2017 5(1).
Alisi, I.O., Adamu Uzairu, Stephen Eyije A., Sulaiman Ola I. Evaluation of The Antioxidant Properties of Curcumin Derivatives By Genetic Function Algorithm. Journal of Advanced Research, 2018 12, pp. 47-54.
Arisonya, S., Wibisono, G., dan Aditya, G. Efektivitas Ekstrak Kunyit (Curcuma domestica) Terhadap Jumlah Sel Makrofag dan Diameter Pada Lesi Ulkum Traumatikus. Jurnal B-Dent, 2014 1(2), pp. 118-125.
Asnia, M., Ambarwati, N.S.S., Siregar, J.S. Pemanfaatan Rimpang Kunyit (Curcuma domestica Val.) Sebagai Perwatan Kecantikan Kulit. Prosiding SENDI_U; 2019. ISBN: 978-979-3649-99-3.
Astuti, KH.E.W., dan Sih Rini Handajani. Efektivitas Anti Inflamasi Formulasi Kunyit (Curcuma longa), Daun Binahong (Anredera cordifolia), dan Daun Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata) Terhadap Luka Sayat Pada Kelinci. Jurnal Terpadu Ilmu Kesehatan, 2019 8(1), pp. 101-113.
Badan Pusat Statistik. (2019). Produksi dan Luas Lahan Panen Tanaman KUnyit di Indonsia, 2019. https://www.pertanian.go.id/home/?show=page&act=view&id=61
Bisht, K., Karl-HeinzWagner, Andrew C.Bulmer. (2010). Curcumin, resveratrol and flavonoids as anti-inflammatory, cyto- and DNA-protective dietary compounds. Toxicology, 2010 278(1), pp. 88-100.
Chandran, B., and Ajay Goel. A Randomized, Pilot Study to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of Curcumin in Patients with Active Rheumatoid Arthritis. Phytotherapy Research, 2012 26 (11):1719-25.
Chen, D.Y., Shien, J.H., Tiley, L., Chiou, S.S., Wang, S.Y., Chang, T.J., Lee, Y.J., Chan, K.W., dan Hsu, W.L. (2 Curcumin Inhibits Influenza Virus Infection And Harmagglutination Activity. Food Chemisty 199, 2010. pp. 1346-1351.
Choi, S.J., Jung M.H., Sung I.K. A Colorimetric Microplate Assay Method for High Throughput Analysis of Lipase Activity. Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2003 36(4), pp. 417-420.
Di Pierro, F., Bressan, A., Ranaldi, D., Raoacioli, G., Giacomelli, L., dan Bertuccioli, A. Potential Role of Bioavailable Curcumin In Weight Loss and Omental Adipose TIssue Decrease: Preliminary Data of a Randomize Controlled Trial In Overweight People With Metabolic Syndrom. Preliminary Study. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci, 19, 2015. pp. 4195-4202.
Etoundi, C.B., Kuate, D., Ngondi, J.L. Anti-amylase, Anti-lipase and Antioxidant Effect of Aqueois Extract of Some Cameroonian Spices. Jurnal Od Natutal Product, 2010, 3. pp. 165-171.
Fahryl, N., dan Novita Carolia. Kunyit (Curcuma domestica Val) sebagai Terapi Artritis Gout. Majority, 2019 8(1), pp. 251-255.
Fitoni, C.N., Asri, M.T., dan Hidayat, M.T. Effect of Heating of Tumeric Filtrate (Curucuma longa) on the Colony Growth of Bacteria Coliform In Vitro. Lentera Bio, 2013 2(3), pp. 217-221.
Gupta, S.C., B. Sung, J. H. Kim, S. Prasad, S. Li, and B. B. Aggarwal, Multitargeting by Turmeric The Golden Spice: From Litchen to Clinic. Molecular Nutrition and Food Research, 2013 57(9), pp. 1510–1528.
Gupta, A., Surabhi M., Rajendra S. Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity of Curcuma longa Rhizome Extract Against Staphylococcus aureus. Biotechnology Reports, 2015 6, pp. 51-55.
Gonçalves, G.M.S., Gustavo H.S., Pedro P.B., Silvana M.S., Cecilia T.C.S., Victória Rodrigues, C., Thais B.L. Use of Curcuma longa in cosmetics: extraction of curcuminoid pigments, development of formulations, and in vitro skin permeation studies. Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2014 50(4), pp. 885-893.
Hasan, M and M. Mahmud. (2014). The Contribution of Turmeric Research and Development In The Economy of Bangladesh: an ex-post analysis. International Journal of Agricultural Research, Innovation and Technology, 2014 4(1), pp. 1–10.
Hossain, M.B., Brunton, N.P., Barry-Ryan, C., Martin-Diana, B.B., and Wilkinson, M. (2008). Antioxidant activity of spices extract and phenolics in comparison to synthetic antioxidants. Journal of Chemistry, 2008 1(4), pp. 751-756.
Huassaana, A., dan Suparmi. Potensi Ekstrak Selaput Biji Kesumba (Bixa orellana L.) sebagai Obat Antiimflamasi. Jurnal Unissula, 2012 4(2), pp. 134-141.
Jayarathne, S., Iurii, K., Oak, H.P., Wilna, O.T., Chwam, L.S., dan Naima, M.M. (2017). Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Obesity Properties of Food Bioactive Components: Effects on Adipose Tissue. Preventive Nutrition and Food Science, 2017 22 (4), pp. 251-262: Article Review.
Junaidi, L. (2015). Anti Oksidan Alami: Sumber, Kimia, dan Teknologi Ekstraksi. Journal of Agro-Based Industry,2015 24(2), pp. 52-69. Article Review.
Karmila, U., Sofyatuddin Karina., Cur Yulvizar. (2017). Ekstrak Kunyit Curcuma domestica Sebagai Anti Bakteri Aeromonas hydrophila Pada Ikan Patin Pangasius sp. Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kelautan dan Perikanan Unsyiah, 2017 2(1), pp. 150-157.
Khotimah, S.N., dan Ahmad Muhtadi. (2016). Beberapa Tumbuhan yang Mengandung Senyawa Aktif Inflamasi: Review Artikel. Farmaka, 2016 14(2), pp. 28-40.
Kocaadam, B., dan Nevin Sanlier. Curcumin, an active component of turmeric (Curcuma longa), and its effects on health. Critical Reviews In Food Science and Nutrition, 2015 57(13), pp. 2889-2895.
Kumara, I.N.C., Pradnyani, I.G.A.S., dan Sidiarta, I.G.A.F.N. Uji Efektivitas Ekstrak Kunyit (Curcuma longa) Terhadap Daya Hambat Pertumbuhan Bakteri Streptococcus mutans. Intisari Sains Medis, 2019 10(3): 462-467.
Liang, L., Xiangyang W., Ting Zhao., Jiangli Zhao., Fang Li., Ye Zou., Guanghua Mao., Liuqing, Y. (2012). In Vitro Bioaccessibility and Antioxidant Activity of Anthocyanins From Mulberry (Morus atropurpurea Roxb.) Following Simulated Gastro-Intestinal Digestion. Food Research International, 2012 46(1), pp. 76-82
Madigan M. Broch biology of microorganisme. London: Prentice-Hall. 2005.
Marbawati, D. dan Umniyatim S.R. Uji Anti Virus Senyawa Kurkumin dan PGV-0 pada Virus Dengue-2 Dengan RT-PCR. BALABA, 2016 12(1), pp.15-22.
Meilina, R., dan Rasmadi Mukhtar. (2018). Efek Antiinflamasi Ekstrak Etanol Rimpang Kunyit (Curcuma domestica Val.) pada Tikus Putih yang Diinduksi Karagenan. Journal of Healthcare Technology and Medicine, 2018 4(1), pp.111-117.
Muniroh, L., Martini, S., Nindya, T.S., Solfaine, R. (2010). Minyak Atsiri Kunyit Sebagai Anti Radang Pada Penderita Gout Artitis Dengan Diet Tinggi Purin. Makara, Kesehatan, 2010 14(2):57-64.
Mulyani, S., Harsojuwono, B.A., Puspawati, G.A.K.D. Potensi Minuman Kunyit Asam (Curcuma domestica Val. - Tamarindus indica L.) Sebagai Minuman Kaya Antioksidan. Agritech, Mutiah, R. (2015). Evidence Based curcumin Dari Tanaman Kunyit (Curcuma longa) Sebagai Terapi Kanker Pada Pengobatan Modern. Jurnal Farma Sains, 2014 1(1), pp. 28-41.
Nazir, M. Metode Penelitian. Bogor: Ghalia Indonesia. 2013.
Pangemanan, A., Fatimawali, dan Fona B. Uji Daya Hambat Ekstrak Rimpang Kunyit (Curcuma longa) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Pseudomonas sp. Jurnal e-Biomedik, 2016 4(1), pp. 81-85.
Ramadhani, N., dan Sri Adi Sumiwi. Aktivitas Antiinflamasi Berbagai Tanaman Diduga Berasal Dari Flavonoid. Jurnal Farma, 2016 14(2), pp. 111-123.
Ramadhani, P., Erly, Asterina. (2017). Hambat Ekstrak Etanol Rimpang Kunyit (V.) terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Secara In Vitro. Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas, 2017 6(3), pp. 590-595.
Rajnarayana, K., Ajitha M., Gopireddy G., dan Giriprasad, V. (2011). Comperative antioxidant potential of some fruit and vegetables using DPPH method. International Journal of Pharmacy & Technology, 2011 3(1), pp. 1952-1957
Rayalam, S., Mrty Anne D.f., and Clifton, A.B. Phytochemiccals and Regulation of The Adipocyte Life Cycle. Journal of Nutritional Biochemisrty, 2008 19. pp. 717-726.
Riaminanti, N.K., Hartiati, A., dan Mulyani, S. Studi Kapasitas dan Sinergisme Antioksidan Pada Ekstrak Kunyit (Curcuma domstica Val.) dan Daun Asam (Tamarindus indica L.). Jurnal Rekayasa da Manajemen Agroindustri, 2016 4(3), pp. 93-104.
Rini, C.S., Jamilatur Rohmah, Leni Yuroh WIdyaningrum. (2018). Efektivitas Kunyit (Curcuma longa Linn) terhadap Esherichia coli dan Bacillus subtilis. Journal of Medical Laboratory Science/Techonolgy, 2018 1(1), pp. 1-6.
Septiana, S., Partomuan Simanjuntak. Aktivitas Antimikroba dan Antioksidan Ekstrak Beberapa Bagian Tanaman Kunyit (Curcuma longa). Jurnal Fitofarmaka, 2015 5(1), pp. 31-40.
Setia, A.I.D dan Ami Tjitaresmi. Aktivitas Antiinflamasi Dari Berbagai Tanaman: Sebuah Review. Jurnal Famaka, 2016 14(3), pp. 77-86.
Shan, C.Y., Yoppi Iskandar. (2018). Studi Kandungan Kimia dan Aktivitas Farmakologi Tanaman Kuyit (Curcuma longa L). Farmaka, 2018 16 (2), pp. 547-555.
Sianipar, E. A., Louisa, M., dan Wanandi, S.I. (2018). Kurkumin Meningkatkan Sensitivitas Sel Kanker Payudara terhadap Takmoksifen Melalui Penghambatan Ekspresi P-glikoprotein dan Breast Cancer Resistance Protein. Jurnal Farmasi Galenika, 2018 4(1):-11.
Simanjuntak, P. Studi Kimia dan Farmakologi Tanaman Kunyit (Curcuma longa L) Sebagai Tumbuhan Obat Serbaguna. Agrium, 2012 17(2), pp. 103-107. Article Review
Sugiharto, Arbakariya Ariff, Syahida Ahmad, dan Muhajir Hamid. Efektivitas curcumin Sebagai Antioksidan dan Inhibitor Melanin Pada Kultur Sel B16-F1. Berk Penelitian Hayati, 2012 (17). pp. 173-176.
Sugiyono. Metode Penelitian Pendidikan Pendekatan Kuantitatif, Kualitatif dan R & D. Bandung: Alfabeta. 2012.
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