GENETIC DIVERSITY, HERITABILITY AND CORRELATION BETWEEN LOCAL CULTIVARS OF UPLAND RICE
Article History
Submited : June 19, 2020
Published : June 19, 2020
Paddy is one of the important cereal crops as food a main food for a third of the world's population, including Asia. Production of paddy rice plants can be improved through plant genetic improvement. The ebjective of this study was examine the genetic diversity, heritability, and correlation between the characteristics of several local upland rice cultivars. This study was carried out in Tamarenja Village, Sindue District, Donggala Regency, Central Sulawesi Province. It was began in May to October 2018. A Randomized Block Design with eight cultivars as a genotypic treatment and reapeted three times was used in this study. There were 24 trial plots in total. Variables observed included plant height, number of leaves, length of leaves, number of tillers, number of productive tillers, age of panicle exit, panicle length, harvest age, number of seeds per panicle, seed length, seed diameter, weight of 100 seeds, and total yield. The results showed that the genetic influences were more dominant than the environment on all observed variables except the weight of 100 seeds and seed diameter. The number of seeds per panicle, the number of tillers and the number of productive tillers were traits that have a high value on heritability and genetic progress. Panicle length, seed diameter and weight of 100 seeds were characteristics that have a high genetic correlation coefficient on upland rice yields. The weight of 100 seeds has a direct influence and high genetic correlation to the results so that it can be used as a direct selection criterion to increase upland rice yields.
Bekele, B. D., S. Rakhi, G. K. Naveen, P. J. Kundura, H. E. Shashidhar., 2013. Estimation of Genetic Variability and Correlation Studies for Grain Zinc Concentrations and Yield Related Traits in Selected Rice (Oryza sativaL.) Genotypes. Asian J. Exp. Biol. Sci. 4(3):391-397.
Bisne, R., A. K. Sarawgian dan dS. B. Verulkar., 2009. Study Of Heritability, Genetic Advance And Variability For Yield Contributing Characters In Rice. Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 34(2):175-179.
Falconer, D.S, T.F.CMackay., 1996. Introduction to Quantitative Genetics. Fourth Edition. London: Longman
Ganapati, R.K, M.G, Rasul, M.A.K, Mian and U. Sarker., 2014. Genetic Variability and Character Association of T-Aman Rice (Oryza Sativa L). International Journal of Plant Biology & Research, 2(2):1013.
Hendra M, E Guhardja, D Setiadi, E.B Walujo, Y Purwanto., 2002. Cultivation Practices and Knowledge of Local Rice Varieties among Benuaq Farmers in MuaraLawa District West Kutai, East Kalimantan-Indonesia. Biodiversitas 10: 98-103.
Hosseini, S. J., Z, T, Sarvestani, H. Pirdashti, A. Afkhami and S. Hazrati., 2012. Estimation of heritability and genetic advance for screening some rice genotypes at salt stress conditions. International journal of Agronomy and Plant Production. 3(11): 475-482.
Idris, A.E., F. J. Justin, Y. M. I. Dagash and A. I. Abuali., 2012. Genetic Variability and Inter Relationship between Yield and Yield Components in Some Rice Genotypes. American Journal of Experimental Agriculture 2(2): 233-239.
Johnson, H.W., H.F. Robinson and R. Comstock., 1955. Estimates of genetic and Environmental variability in Soybeans. Agronomy Journal, 47(7): 314-318.
Kartikaningrum, S. dan K.Efendi., 2005. Keragaman genetik plasma nutfah anggrek Spathoglothis. J. Hort. 15(4): 30
Kementerian Pertanian, 2017. Pusat Data dan Sistem Informasi Pertanian, Kementerian Pertanian Republik Indonesia.
Kishore, N.S., T. Srinivas, U. Nagabhushanam, M. Pallavi and S.k. Sameera., 2015. Genetic Variability, Correlation And Path Analysis For Yield And Yield Components In Promising Rice (Oryza sativaL.) Genotypes. SAARC J. Agri., 13(1):99-108.
Maryenti. T, M. Bermwaidan J. Prasetyo., 2014. Heritabilitas Dan Kemajuan Genetik Karakter Ketahanan Kedelai Generasi F2 Persilangan Tanggamus X B3570 Terhadap Soybean Mosaic Virus. Jurnal Kelitbangan Vol. 02 (02)
Nadarajan N and M. Gunasekaran., 2005. Quantitative Genetics and Biometrical Techniques in Plant Breeding. Kalyani Publishers.
Perera, U.I.P., D. Ratnasekera, S.G.J.N. Senanayake, D. Sumith, Z. Abeysiriwardena, 2014. Genetic parameter sand correlations of yield attributing characteristics of weedy rice in Sri Lanka. J.Natn.Sci.Foundation Sri Lanka, 42 (4): 299-306
Saleh, M.S., F. Pasaru., M. Yunus,. 2009. Eksplorasi Padi Gogo Lokal di Kabupaten Banggai. Media Litbang Sulteng.
Samudin, S. dan M. S. Saleh., 2009. Parameter Genetik Tanaman Aren (Arenga pinnata L.). J. Agroland 16 (1) : 17 - 23,
Samudin, S., 2005. Penentuan Indikator Seleksi Untuk Perbaikan Hasil dan Mutu Tembakau Madura. J. Agroland 12(4): 339-445.
Somantri IH., 2001. Wild Rice (Oryza spp.): Their Existence and Research in Indonesia. Buletin Agro Bio 5(1):14–20
Stansfield, W.D., 1983. Theory and Problem in Genetics Schaum’s out Lines Series. Mc Graw Hill Book. Co.
Toshimenla and S. Changkija, 2013. Genetic Variability in Yields and its Component Characters in Upland Rice of Nagaland. Indian Journal of Hill Farming 26(2):84-87.
Vanisree, S., K. Swapna, Ch.D. Raju, Ch.S. Raju and M. Sreedar., 2013. Genetic variability and selection criteria in rice. Journal of biological and scientific opinion, 1(4):341-346.
